Adapting the Screening BAT for Basque Dialect Spoken in France (Low Navarrese Variety): Methodology and Case Studies
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.61989/vnadm567Keywords:
test adaptation, Bilingual Aphasia Test, bilingual aphasia, Basque, dialectal variety, case studyAbstract
Context. The speech therapy assessment of aphasia should be conducted, as much as possible, in all the languages of a bilingual or multilingual patient. However, tests are not necessarily available for all languages worldwide, particularly for regional or minority languages. Adapting language tests to the latter category of languages is complex because they are generally less standardized than official languages and also have many linguistic variants.
Objectives. The objective of this article is to provide an example of the adaptation of the Screening BAT (Guilhem et al., 2013) established for one of the dialectal varieties of Basque spoken in France (Low Navarrese), but also to discuss the difficulties generated by this type of work and, finally, to provide the first clinical data collected with this tool.
Methods. We describe in detail the process of adapting the test, which was done in several stages, including, among other things, the selection of relevant items taking into account the dialectal specificities of Basque. The Screening BAT was then administered to two bilingual patients (L1 dialectal Basque and L2 French) suffering from non-fluent aphasia following a left stroke, as well as to two bilingual control subjects, matched in age and socio-professional level. The four participants were also evaluated with the French Screening BAT.
Results. The results obtained with the Screening BAT for both languages show performances consistent with the clinical picture of bilingual aphasic patients established by their speech therapists. The comparison with the control subjects also confirms that the adaptation of the Screening BAT to the Basque language is discriminative and suitable for the dialectal variant examined here.
Conclusions. The study highlights the importance of the test adaptation approach to account for the full range of competencies of bilingual patients. The Basque Screening BAT (in its Low Navarrese version) is now ready to undergo the normalization process that will determine its psychometric characteristics.
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