Mesurer la qualité de vie en santé pour repérer des conséquences du trouble développemental du langage non observables en clinique ? Exemple des relations sociales.

Auteurs

  • Aurélie Lefebvre Orthophonie
  • Fany Lafargue-Wavreille Orthophoniste
  • Vanessa Laguette Maitresse de conférence en psychologie sociale, Université de Picardie Jules Verne, France

DOI :

https://doi.org/10.61989/qv2y7t68

Mots-clés :

trouble développemental du langage, qualité de vie, relations sociales, compétences pragmatiques, reconnaissance des émotions, orthophonie

Résumé

Contexte : Le trouble développemental du langage (TDL) peut entraîner des conséquences psychosociales importantes. Parmi celles-ci, des difficultés dans les relations sociales avec les pairs restent inobservables en clinique.

Objectifs : mesurer la qualité de vie en santé (QdVS) pourrait fournir des informations quant à d’éventuelles difficultés dans les relations sociales chez les enfants avec un TDL. Lorsque ceux-ci présentent de faibles compétences pragmatiques, ils devraient rapporter une QdVS faible dans les dimensions explorant les relations sociales

Méthodologie : 17 enfants âgés de 9 à 11 ans présentant un TDL ont été évalués en pragmatique et ont répondu à un questionnaire de QdVS. Les scores de QdVS des participants ont été comparés à la norme. Ensuite, les scores de QdVS des participants ayant des difficultés pragmatiques ont été comparés à ceux des participants ayant de bonnes compétences pragmatiques.

Résultats : Les participants ont rapporté une QdVS globalement proche de la norme. Dans les dimensions explorant les relations sociales (Soutien social et pairs et Acceptation sociale (harcèlement)), les participants avec des difficultés pragmatiques ont fait état d’une QdVS équivalente à celle des participants ayant de bonnes compétences pragmatiques. Néanmoins, les participants rapportant une QdVS faible dans la dimension Acceptation sociale ont obtenu des scores déficitaires en reconnaissance des émotions. Par ailleurs, les scores de QdVS dans les dimensions Acceptation sociale et Humeurs et émotions se sont révélés fortement corrélés.

Conclusions : La reconnaissance des émotions devrait être évaluée et intégrée au projet thérapeutique des patients avec un TDL, afin de favoriser leur acceptation sociale. La mesure de la QdVS en orthophonie constitue un intérêt clinique manifeste puisqu’elle pourrait fournir des informations substantielles quant aux conséquences du TDL dans la vie des patients. Un outil de mesure de la QdVS spécifique aux enfants avec un TDL reste néanmoins à développer.

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26-10-2023

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